The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful core molecular biology technique. It is an efficient and rapid in vitro method for enzymatic amplification of specific DNA or RNA sequences from nucleic acids of various sources. It is an efficient way to copy or “amplify” small segments of DNA or RNA. Using PCR, millions of copies of a section of DNA are made in just a few hours, yielding enough DNA required for analysis. This innovative yet simple technique allows clinicians to diagnose and monitor diseases using a minimal amount of sample, such as blood or tissue. It allows for accurate diagnosis of underlying conditions which may not be currently clinically active but have a likelihood of developing in the future.
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