44th GB held

IMPHAL Feb 28: The 44th General Body meeting of the Manipur Electricity Employees Union was held at Keisampat Electricity head office today.The GB was presided by MANITRON chairman Kh Ratankumar… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 28: The 44th General Body meeting of the Manipur Electricity Employees Union was held at Keisampat Electricity head office today.The GB was presided by MANITRON chairman Kh Ratankumar and 16 new officials of the union was selected today, apress release by S Ibomcha,publicity secretary of the Union states.

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Pay hike for Anganwadi Workers and Helpers

IMPHAL Feb 28 (PIB): The Union Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee while presenting the Union Budget for 2011-12 has announced that the remuneration of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers who… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 28 (PIB): The Union Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee while presenting the Union Budget for 2011-12 has announced that the remuneration of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers who are the backbone of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme are being enhanced from April 1, 2011 onwards. He said that the remuneration for Anganwadi workers would be increased from Rs.1,500 per month to Rs.3,000 per month and for Angnwadi helpers from Rs.750 per month to Rs.1,500 per month.
The Finance Minister pointed out that around 22 lakh Anganwadi workers and helpers would benefit from this increase which is inclusive for the Anganwadi workers and  helpers of the state.

Read more / Original news source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Kanglaonline/~3/w-ROov5E1TM/

Pay hike for Anganwadi Workers and Helpers

IMPHAL Feb 28 (PIB): The Union Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee while presenting the Union Budget for 2011-12 has announced that the remuneration of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers who… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 28 (PIB): The Union Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee while presenting the Union Budget for 2011-12 has announced that the remuneration of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers who are the backbone of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme are being enhanced from April 1, 2011 onwards. He said that the remuneration for Anganwadi workers would be increased from Rs.1,500 per month to Rs.3,000 per month and for Angnwadi helpers from Rs.750 per month to Rs.1,500 per month.
The Finance Minister pointed out that around 22 lakh Anganwadi workers and helpers would benefit from this increase which is inclusive for the Anganwadi workers and  helpers of the state.

Read more / Original news source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Kanglaonline/~3/w-ROov5E1TM/

Cultural Fest

IMPHAL, Feb 28: A one-day district level cultural festival was organized by Nehru Yuva Kendra today at Khuman Lampak Youth Hostel, Imphal. The festival was graced by Ch Shantikumar, deputy… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 28: A one-day district level cultural festival was organized by Nehru Yuva Kendra today at Khuman Lampak Youth Hostel, Imphal.
The festival was graced by Ch Shantikumar, deputy director of Youth Affairs and Sports, and Guru Thiyam Surjamukhi as the chief guest and president respectively.

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Cultural Fest

IMPHAL, Feb 28: A one-day district level cultural festival was organized by Nehru Yuva Kendra today at Khuman Lampak Youth Hostel, Imphal. The festival was graced by Ch Shantikumar, deputy… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 28: A one-day district level cultural festival was organized by Nehru Yuva Kendra today at Khuman Lampak Youth Hostel, Imphal.
The festival was graced by Ch Shantikumar, deputy director of Youth Affairs and Sports, and Guru Thiyam Surjamukhi as the chief guest and president respectively.

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Grenade recovered

IMPHAL, Feb 28: Police retrieved a hand grenade which was found at Thangal Bazar, near the SS hotel this morning at around 7:30 am. The bomb was found near a… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 28: Police retrieved a hand grenade which was found at Thangal Bazar, near the SS hotel this morning at around 7:30 am.
The bomb was found near a bridge connecting Nagamapal with Thangal Bazar near the SS hotel.
Reports said that the bomb was found without the detonator and is speculated to be an old bomb.

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Grenade recovered

IMPHAL, Feb 28: Police retrieved a hand grenade which was found at Thangal Bazar, near the SS hotel this morning at around 7:30 am. The bomb was found near a… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 28: Police retrieved a hand grenade which was found at Thangal Bazar, near the SS hotel this morning at around 7:30 am.
The bomb was found near a bridge connecting Nagamapal with Thangal Bazar near the SS hotel.
Reports said that the bomb was found without the detonator and is speculated to be an old bomb.

Read more / Original news source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Kanglaonline/~3/fWfibRleBJY/

Test postponed

IMPHAL, Feb 27: The physical efficiency test for the direct recruitment of constables (Female) for the Mahila Battalion (9th IRB) of the Manipur police department has been postponed until further… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 27: The physical efficiency test for the direct recruitment of constables (Female) for the Mahila Battalion (9th IRB) of the Manipur police department has been postponed until further order by the state government to the administrative reason.

According to an official order issued by the DGP Manipur,the test will be done after another official notification.

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Civil-Military relationship needs to be fostered: IGAR (S)

IMPHAL, Feb 26: There is a great need to foster the civil-military relationship so as bring about good administration in the state, said IGAR (South) Maj Gen CA Krishnan during… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 26: There is a great need to foster the civil-military relationship so as bring about good administration in the state, said IGAR (South) Maj Gen CA Krishnan during the inauguration of football ground of Star Sporting Club at Porompat, Imphal East.

Maj Gen Krishnan further maintained that the Assam Rifles is the sentinel of the North-East and it has been rendering remarkable services under military civic action programme for the development of art, culture and sports in the state.

Lauding the excellent performance of state players at 34th National Games held at Jharkhand, IGAR (South) stated that Manipur is the power house of sports in the country and no other state could beat Manipur at the national games.

The Assam Rifles will continue to serve the people of Manipur and help to bring peace and development in the state, CA Krishnan asserted.

IGAR (South) also presented sports goods to Porompat Youth Club and one computer set to Ph Gokulananda Sharma, editor of Yumshakeisha, during the inaugural function of the football ground.

The football ground has been constructed by 28 Assam Rifles under the aegis of HQ 9 Sector and HQ IGAR (South) along with DC Imphal East. The Assam Rifles provided equipment and machineries for the construction of the football ground while DC Imphal East gave the necessary manpower.

A friendly football match was also organized by 28 Assam Rifles between SSC (A) and SSC (B). SSC (B) defeated SSC (A) by a goal margin of 3-2.

The function was also attended by M Lakshmikumar, DC Imphal East, Col Sanjeev Kumar, CO 28 Assam Rifles, and Th Radheshyam, SP Imphal East.

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KSO meet

IMPHAL, Feb 27: The Kuki Students`™ Organisation (KSO) has organised one day seminar on the topic `The III effects of Drugs on Society` with the assistance of 43 Assam Rifles… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 27: The Kuki Students`™ Organisation (KSO) has organised one day seminar on the topic `The III effects of Drugs on Society` with the assistance of 43 Assam Rifles under the aegis of Red Shield Division at Sajang village, under Saikul sub-division of Senapati district.

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JAC demands safe release of abducted Kangpokpi boy; threatens NH-39 blockade

IMPHAL, Feb 26: A Joint Action Committee (JAC) has been formed today against the abduction of one minor boy from Kangpokpi by suspected KCP (MC) cadres for alleged ransom of… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 26: A Joint Action Committee (JAC) has been formed today against the abduction of one minor boy from Kangpokpi by suspected KCP (MC) cadres for alleged ransom of Rs 50 lakhs.

The JAC was formed after a joint emergency meeting of Kuki Inpi Sadar Hills, KSO Sadar Hills, Kangpokpi Town Committee, Kangpokpi Women Welfare Organization, Kangpokpi Youth Union and all communities residing along the NH-39 was convened today at Kangpokpi Town Committee hall.

The newly formed Joint Action Committee Against Kidnapping of Sagar Prasad, Kangpokpi, has appealed to the concerned organization to release the abducted boy safely, and further warned to call a 24-hour total bandh within Sadar Hills from the midnight of February 28 if the boy is not released by that day.

Meanwhile, decrying the abduction of Sagar Prasad, a large number of students under the aegis of KSO Sadar Hills took out a mass rally from Kangpokpi Thomas Ground up to ADC Complex and later submitted a memorandum to the Chief Minister through ADC of Kangpokpi.

The memorandum of KSO mentioned that the act of kidnapping Sagar Prasad, a class IX student of KT Higher Secondary School, has created a tense situation in Sadar Hills area and such incident may have an adverse impact in the society.

It further questioned the state government why it has failed to take up necessary action through its machineries to trace the whereabouts of the kidnapped boy even if six days have passed without having any information on the matter.

Further in the memorandum, the KSA warned the state government to hold responsible for the outcome if it could not ensure safe release of Sagar Prasad.

Speaking to media-persons, the convenor of JAC, Ngamlien Haokip stated that the act of kidnapping a 13-year boy Sagar Prasad by some suspected KCP (MC) cadres on February 20 from Saparmeina area for a ransom of Rs 50 lakhs is a con demnable act very unlikely of a revolutionary organization. He enjoined that the concerned organization should release the boy as soon as possible in view of peaceful coexistence of all communities in the state.

(NNN adds)Various forms of agitations along the National Highway 39 are looming large as many organisations have threatened to agitate if Sagar Prasad, a class nine student of K.T Higher Secondary school of Kangpokpi is not released by his kidnappers.

According to the joint action committee (JAC) against the kidnapping of Sagar Prasad, a militant outfit KCP-MC has abducted Sagar Prasad for a ransom of Rs 50 lakhs on February 20. Sagar Prasad`s father Suresh Prasad is running a hardware store at Saparmeina.

The JAC warned that if Sagar Prasad is not released within 24 hours from this afternoon, a 24 hour bandh along the NH-39 will be called as its first phase of agitation. The Kuki Students` Organisation (KSO) of Sardar Hills unit too threatened to agitate by calling bandh along the NH-39.

Meanwhile, students took out a rally today at Kangpokpi, some 40 kilometres north of Imphal demanding the release of Sagar Prasad.

The placards of students read, “Kidanapping will not bring sovereignty,” Manipur Shame! Shame!”.

The rally was organised by Kuki Students Organisation (KSO), Sardar Hills unit.

At the end of the rally, a memorandum was submitted to the state chief minister through the additional deputy commissioner of Sadar Hills.

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COTA alleges CM presenting teachers in wrong light

IMPHAL Feb 26: COTA urges the state government to consider the rightful demand of the teachers at the earliest. The recent outburst of the Chief Minister O Ibobi alleging financial… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 26: COTA urges the state government to consider the rightful demand of the teachers at the earliest. The recent outburst of the Chief Minister O Ibobi alleging financial mishaps in the state if the demand of COTA is met is highly improbable , and the stance of the teachers should not be presented in the wrong light , a press release of COTA states.

The release further states that the cabinet should put up the matter on the table and further reflect on the pay structure received by the teaching fraternity in other states.

The college teachers also condemned the statement of Manipur chief minister O Ibobi Singh who said yesterday that the demand of the teachers couldn`™t be met.

It is worth noting that government teachers of Manipur under the aegis of Council of Teachers Association (COTA) have intensified their ongoing fast until death stir with 200 more teachers volunteering to break into a striking mode, more waiting in the anvil to join their colleagues at the face of stark reality following total apathy by the government to their demand for the implementation of central 6th revised pay commission recommendation in toto.

Teachers under COTA have been resorting to fast until death stir as a last option since January 19 at the campus premises of Johnstone Higher Secondary School and later shifted to Churachand Higher secondary School demanding implementation of the 6th pay commission recommendation in toto. As of today, 195 teachers have been arrested by the police and lodged in jail on charges of attempting to commit suicide.

It has been demanding the implementation of 6th pay recommendation since 2009 via various forms of agitation and negotiation. Early in 2010, the government and the striking teachers had reached an agreement with the government buckling under pressure and agreeing to adopt and accept the implementation of the recommendation of six pay commission.

But since their demand has been falling on deaf ears of the government, COTA has pledged to intensify its stir with member teachers volunteering in huge numbers .

At least 195 teachers who were on fast until death stir have since been arrested .

In their attempt to step up the agitation, 200 teachers ,180 from Imphal East zone II and 20 from Chandel district freshly joined the stir Beginning Tuesday last, the teachers are going into an overdrive with the ongoing fast until death stir in a group of 200 teachers. Earlier on, the teachers sat at the fast in a group of 20 so as not to disrupt the academic atmosphere of schools.

The teachers`™ body also alleged that despite three rounds of negotiation and constant pressure, the government is still unwilling to produce a white paper on the non-plan budget of teachers and education, hiding as it is within a non-transparent and unaccountable veil.

Federation of All Colleges Teachers`™ Association Manipur (FACTAM) has also been demanding UGC pay bands by going on a mass casual leave on February 18 and 19. Since yesterday, the college teachers have also resorted to sit in protest and have given February 28 as the deadline for the government to meet their demand failing which FACTAM will launch different forms of agitation.

This move of FACTAM will effectively paralyze around 28 colleges, bringing the academic atmosphere of the students to a complete halt.

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Students set Feb 28 deadline for teachers-govt impasse to end; warn not to sit for exams

IMPHAL, Feb 26: Desperate and frustrated students have today warned of not appearing in their coming board and council exams in case the agitating teachers and the state government bring… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 26: Desperate and frustrated students have today warned of not appearing in their coming board and council exams in case the agitating teachers and the state government bring an amicable solution to the ongoing agitation of the teachers which have left the students with no teachers to teach them for nearly two months now.

Students of government run schools under the umbrella of the All Manipur Government High and Higher Secondary School Students Coordinating Committee, Manipur while reiterating its demand in a memorandum have submitted it to the Chief Minister today evening, demanding an amicable solution to the ongoing impasse and setting February 28 as deadline, failing which, the student have warned of not appearing in their upcoming class X and XII examinations.

At the same time, the student body maintained that the concerned authority should be held responsible incase the students suffer more due to the ongoing impasse.

Over hundreds of representatives of the All Manipur Government High and Higher Secondary School Students Coordinating Committee, Manipur bearing placards and banners which read `We want study` `COTA and Govt. should bring an amicable solution at the soonest` `We want normal classes` `Students are the pillars of Nation` etc. after gathering at Ram Lal Paul Higher Secondary School proceeded towards the Chief Minister`™s official residence to submit a memorandum. However the students were stopped by the police at Babupara.

Later four representatives of the student body was allowed to submit the memorandum at the office of the Chief Minister on failing to meet the chief minister who was said to be absent from his bungalow at the time.

While speaking to media persons, the co-convener of the students`™ apex body, M. Sanjoy, revealed that the motive of the students was to meet the Chief Minister, to request him to end the impasse at the earliest as it has adversely affected all government schools as their classes have remained defunct for sometime now. However he added that no amicable solution seems to be in sight as of the moment.

He further expressed his disappointment that the students were unable to meet the Chief Minister despite the gravity of the issue, however he added, that the students will certainly not appear in their exams in case the two parties fail to end the dead lock by February 28.

In the meantime, referring to the ongoing impasse, MLA, N. Mangi, chairman MANIDCO, said that teachers should be committed while discharging their duties adding it is obvious that the demands of the teachers will be fulfilled sooner or later. However some of the teachers must retrospect how far they are committed and sincere while performing their duties, he added.
The students at the same time need to have discipline, manner and to be hardworking. Students who are lacking such quality cannot be called students, the MLA added.

The MLA also appealed the Government to intervene into the prolonged impasse between COTA and the government in the interest of the students`™ communities.

The MLA was speaking during the 40th State Conference of All India Students`™ Federation, Manipur State Council, held at Standard College, Kongba, Imphal, today.

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UCM urges Govt to produce abducted person

IMPHAL Feb 26: The United Clubs`™ Manipur (UCM) in a press release by the Information and Publicity secretary , Kh Nilamani has claimed that the fundamental rights of the public… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 26: The United Clubs`™ Manipur (UCM) in a press release by the Information and Publicity secretary , Kh Nilamani has claimed that the fundamental rights of the public of the State remains in continuous violation.

The release further stated that the Manipur Government though aware of the gross human rights violation perpetrated in the state still remains as mute spectators and failed to address the present situation.

Citing a recent incident, UCM highlighted the abduction of Chabungbam Manglemba Singh and Longjam Suresh Singh , both arrested by persons attired in combat dress from Top Siphai Makha Leikai on the intervening night of February 18 and 19. The duo was arrested from their respective residences without the issue of arrest memo by the persons allegedly believed to be army personnel.

Whereas Ch Manglemba was released shortly, the whereabouts of L Suresh still remains untraceable till date. This is a failure of the state government to protect its citizens and incapacity of upholding the law, the release stated.

Further, the statement appealed the government to inquire into the matter and rescue L Suresh at the earliest. The UCM will support any movement initiated by the JAC constituted in the regard, the release concludes.

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Early Stone Age cave discovered in Chandel

IMPHAL, Feb 26: An excavation team from the DM College of Science Imphal discovered early stone-age rock shelter at Kathong Moutain Range near Phuikon Haosabee in Sajik Tampak under Chandel… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 26: An excavation team from the DM College of Science Imphal discovered early stone-age rock shelter at Kathong Moutain Range near Phuikon Haosabee in Sajik Tampak under Chandel District on February 21 this month.

According to a release, the newly discovered early stone-age rock shelter is 12.5ft wide at the mouth, 7.2 ft in Height and having 16 ft depth inside. The cave will be one of the oldest Rock shelter of earlier Paleolithic period. The excavation is now in progress and so far the team has discovered more than 50 stone tools of different culture. The excavation is likely to be concluded by February 28 this month, the release added.

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KCP (Maoist)

IMPHAL Feb 27: The KCP (Maoist) in a press statement by thr outfit`s Assistant Publicity and propaganda secretary, Nonglen Meitei states that the revolution in the state had detoriated due… Read more »

IMPHAL Feb 27: The KCP (Maoist) in a press statement by thr outfit`s Assistant Publicity and propaganda secretary, Nonglen Meitei states that the revolution in the state had detoriated due to the unscruptousness activity of some so called revolutionary groups.

The release states that the sufferings heaped on the public following excessive monitory demands will one day become their undoing.

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180 state civil service officers to be recruited

IMPHAL, Feb 26: Considering the problems arising out of the shortages of the MCS, MPS, MFS, MSS, SDC and EO in the administrations of the districts of the state, state… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 26: Considering the problems arising out of the shortages of the MCS, MPS, MFS, MSS, SDC and EO in the administrations of the districts of the state, state cabinet in the recent meeting has approved the requisition of MPSC for direct recruitment to MCS, MPS, MFS, MSS, SDC and EO after reviewing the decision of the cabinet during the cabinet meeting held on July, 15 last year for the requisition of 180 posts for MCS, MPS, MFS, MSS, SDC and EO.

According to a highly placed official source, the earlier cabinet meeting held on July, 15 last year had decided for the direct recruitment of 19 MCS, 65 MPS, 37 MFS, 25 MSS, 31 and 3 EOs.

The source said the recent state cabinet held under chairmanship of the Chief Minister, O Ibobi Singh at his official chamber has worked out and confirmed the numbers of officers to be recruited in consultation with the concerned departments. Regarding the direct appointment of post of MCS, the mumber which are to be appointed as re-affirmed to 19.

Regarding MPS, DGP, Manipur Y Joykumar during the meeting has expressed reservation that taking in 65 MPC-II officers by direct recruitment in a particular year would be create serious cadres management problems and has suggested for recruiting only 25 MPS-II officers by direct recruitment.

Further, regarding, MFS, it has been ascertained that the correct number of vacancies for direct recruitment in MFS-III will be 23 (not 37). Regarding SDCs, the Revenue Department has been consulted. They have now informed vide their letter dated July, 22 last year that there are 43 vacancies (as against 31 informed verbally earlier) for direct recruitment.

Considering all official documentation placed before the recent cabinet meeting state cabinet has approved for the amendment of the earlier decision and approved to conduct fresh requisition to the MPSC for the recruitment of 138 officers which includes 19 MCS-II, 25 MPS-II, 23 MFS-III, 23 MSS-V, 25 SDCs and 43 Election Officers (EOs) through the Manipur Civil Service Combined Competitive Examination, the source added.

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Where is Imphal?

Chitra Ahanthem. What would you do if two people with cameras slung around their necks walk up to you and try and coax you to hold a placard that says,… Read more »

Chitra Ahanthem.

What would you do if two people with cameras slung around their necks walk up to you and try and coax you to hold a placard that says, “Where is Imphal?” and pose for the camera? One migrant balloon seller retorted back with “Imphal is certainly not in Kashmir!” Confused?

Well! The two people with camera and placard in hand happen to be IFP editor Pradip Phanjoubam, a tall man (by Manipuri standards) and myself (short, by any standards!). We were looking for places (and will continue to do so) and moods to convey about Imphal city. First stop was the War Cemetery and for lack of any subjects, I had to “model” with the placard that said: “WHERE IS IMPHAL ? ” It was late afternoon and there were only young couples who would look furtively around to see if their pictures were being taken. But two small girls who had come with their grand father saved the day. They became our first models. The next stop was on Bir Tikendrajit Road where a vegetable vendor sat about doing her business with the placard placed near her. Later, we would take pictures of polo ponies and small boys holding the placard inside Pologround; balloon sellers at Samu Makhong and an old gentleman who saw us struggling with putting the placard at the base of the statue. He got a pedestrian walking past to pose with him, both of them holding up the placard. Still confused?

So well! The story starts with a public art project, “WHERE IS HEIDENHEIM?” based in the Heidenheim Zietung, a local newspaper of Hedienheim in Germany. The project format was developed by artists Tina O’Connell from Ireland and Neal White from the United Kingdom who says of their project, “We see public sculpture more as a malleable process informed by broader social contexts, and not bound in form by physical materiality, but through the flux and dynamics of
events, which in turn become the substance and context of our own practice.”

Connecting globally many ‘local newspapers’, the project occupies public space as an exploration of the connection between a community and its own printed voice. The project is made in response to the perceived threat to local newspapers from the internet. The first link paper to take part in the exchange with Heidenheim Zietung in August 2010 was ‘The Wendover Times’ from Utah in the USA. The story of the work was printed on the front page and then reprinted as a whole page inside the Heidenheim Zeitung. Further copies of the Wendover Times were distributed in a vending machine next to a large 6 metre
sign that has been erected in Heidenheim. Newspaper stories continue to be run in both papers thus creating a bridge between two small towns separated by distance but coming together in content and flavor.

The “Where is Imphal?” photo feature will first be published in Imphal Free Press, the newspaper copies of which would be sent to Heidenheim Zietung, the newspaper in Heidenheim in Germany. They will then print the entire page from the Imphal Free press – inlcuding other articles and news on that page, as a full page inside their own paper and order copies of the paper for distribution in Heidenheim.

Sounds crazy? But then, it is a load of fun trying to coax people to hold the placard while we aim our cameras at them. Our plan for the photo feature would be to look not only at landmarks of the city but also at the essence of Imphal city: its pulse, its noise and chaos. Our only stumbling block is the part about talking to people and convincing them to pose for pictures. Candid camera shots are easier and rather than risk the afternoon light from fading too much, we ended up being models ourselves. Me “shooting” my editor and vice versa! In the process, we had our share of “who are those two weird people?” kind of look directed towards us. Sometimes, people would disperse real quick, the moment we walked up to them and stood near to them with the placard.

End-point:

For this week, if you see the tall man (Editor!) and the human version of the caricature that comes along with this column in IFP (me) approaching you anywhere around Imphal, please smile for the camera and be a sport!

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The Origin of Manipur

By: Dr Irengbam Mohendra Singh The empirical demands of history, much worse, prehistory, when it is allowed to assert them by its practitioners, drawing us to empirical evidence from archaeological… Read more »

By: Dr Irengbam Mohendra Singh

The empirical demands of history, much worse, prehistory, when it is allowed to assert them by its practitioners, drawing us to empirical evidence from archaeological evidence (if there is any) or texts, at least writings from non-archaeological contexts, is flawed with mistrust especially when it has taken a few decades emphasising the evidence. However, the usefulness of empirical work is that a hypothesis can be made from data collected that is essential to the research.

The present Manipur is home to the majority Meiteis who live in the Imphal valley. Manipur is also home to a variety of ethnic groups such as Tangkhuls, Kabuis, Kukis (Thadous), Paites, Gangtes and Hmars, koms and so on, altogether 36 tribes, who inhabit the surrounding mountain ranges.

I use the word ‘tribe’ as a biological noun to mean – a group of people related by blood or marriage, united by language and culture with shared lineages, and not as used in anthropological literature, which some people regard it as derogatory. This was exactly the concept of Nikhil Manipuri Mahasabha/Congress Party, during the merger of Manipur with India.

As we know the total area of Manipur is 23.327 sq km. The valley accounts for only 2.238 sq km. Manipur shares 350 km of international border with Myanmar in the east.

The Meiteis constitute 60 per cent of the population but occupy less than one tenth of Manipur’s area in the valley only, because of ‘protective racism’. Immigrants from the eastern part of undivided Bengal during the British period, known as Pangals forming about 8 per cent, settle in the Imphal valley. The rest known as Mayangs (non-Manipuri Indians) came from different parts of India and also settle in the plain.

How the Meteis and other tribal peoples of Manipur came to live in Manipur is speculative. In the absence of a more cogent explanation, this article attempts to reconstruct the origin of Manipur from a geo/archaeological perspective.

To emphasise the prehistoric nature of Manipur – a Mayang word coined in the early part of the 18th century, I prefer to use the original name Kangleipak instead, until I come to the 18th century Kangleipak

To quote W Ibohal in his great book, The History of Manipur (An Early Period) – “The mountain chain where Manipur is situated belongs to the great Himalayas.” To prove his geological point he writes that ‘in 1952-53 AD one fossil of a sea living creature, cuttle fish, now extinct, was found at Kangpokpi in the northern part of Manipur.’

Further, he cites that recent findings in the tunnelling for Loktak Hydro-electric project, clays (representing the bottom of the sea) were discovered instead of hard rocks (expected from mountain ranges). The examination of different layers in the soil profile of the diggings strongly indicates that some 5,000 BCE the entire valley was submerged in water. He concludes: “so the land masses of Manipur is now 60 million years old since its birth from the bottom of the sea.”

I agree with Yumjao in the new light of the Theory of Plate Tectonics. What I try to do in this paper is to individuate a few aspects of geological and zoological analysis to draw a modicum picture of how Kangleipak was formed. Recent scholarship suggests that Manipur was part of the Himalayan belt.

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Players’ Day observed

IMPHAL, Feb 25: The Players`™ Day or Sannaroisingee Numit was observed today by Department of Youth Affairs and Sports at Khuman Lampak Indoor Stadium. The observation function was attended by… Read more »

IMPHAL, Feb 25: The Players`™ Day or Sannaroisingee Numit was observed today by Department of Youth Affairs and Sports at Khuman Lampak Indoor Stadium.
The observation function was attended by YAS minister N Biren and deputy chairman of state planning board Bijoy Koijam as the chief guest and president respectively.
Speaking at the function, YAS minister N Biren stated that the players of the state have brought laurels to the state and so they will be given attractive incentives for their performance. A grand reception function will be held after the state contingent of the 34th National Games arrives Imphal, he noted.

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